Modification of Solution pH as a Mechanism of Tolerance to Acidity and Aluminium Stress in Selected Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) Cultivars
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Résumé
Aluminium toxicity is a major constraint to crop production in soils with a pH below 5.5. However, plant species exhibit varied tolerance mechanisms. Nine (9) cowpea cultivars that were coded; UOE-COWPEA-1, UOE-COWPEA-2, UOE-COWPEA-3, UOE-COWPEA-4, UOE-COWPEA-5, KEN-KUNDE-1, K-80, M-66 and KVU-27-1 were assessed for modification of solution pH and tolerance to acidity and aluminium stress in solution culture. Cowpea seeds were sterilized and pre-germinated in paper-lined trays and the seedlings were transferred to constantly aerated growth trays containing 1/5 X Hoagland Nutrient solution with a starting pH of 4.3, supplemented with 0 µM and 185 µM Al. The seedlings’ initial root and shoot lengths per cultivar were measured and recorded. pH measurements of the nutrient solutions were recorded daily for seven (7) days without adjusting. The final root and shoot lengths and number of lateral root branches per cultivar and treatment were assessed and recorded. Fresh root and shoot biomass were also measured and recorded. The data collected were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the means were compared at significant level of P≤ 0.05 and separation of means was done using Tukey’s test. All the nine (9) cowpea cultivars progressively increased the pH of the solution culture. The growth of cowpea cultivars at 0 µM Al induced a higher change in pH compared to when grown in 185 µM Al concentration. UOE-COWPEA-4 caused the highest increase in pH from 4.3 to 5.13 while K-80 cultivar induced the least change in pH from 4.21 to 4.58 at 0 µM Al. UOE-COWPEA-5 induced the highest increase in pH when compared to others from 4.03 to 5.06 while K-80 cultivar induced the least increase in pH change from 4.32 to 4.53 when grown in solution culture supplied with 185 µM Al. UOE-COWPEA-4, KVU 27-1, KEN-KUNDE-1 and UOE-COWPEA-2 had higher relative net root length. UOE-COWPEA-3 produced significantly higher number of lateral root branches in low pH without Al compared to the other cultivars. UOE-COWPEA-3 produced a significantly higher number of lateral branches at 185 µM Al. The findings of this study show that cowpea exhibits genotypic variation in tolerance to acidity and aluminium stress. Furthermore, differences in modification of pH varied among the tested cowpea cultivars. It was concluded that acidity and aluminum tolerance were associated with alteration of pH of the solution, suggesting that cowpea adapts to acidity and Al stress by raising the solution pH.
Références
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Abdou-Razakou, I.B.Y., et al., Using morpho-physiological parameters to evaluate cowpea varietiesfor drought tolerance. International Journal of Agricultural Science Research, 2013. 2 (5): p. 153–162
Adeyemi, O., Ogunsola, K., Olorunmaiye, P., Azeez, J., Hosu, D., & Adigun, J. (2020). Effect of phosphorus (P) rates and weeding frequency on the growth and grain yield of extra early cowpea (vigna unguiculata L. walp) in the forest-savanna agro-ecological zone of southwest nigeria. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade, 65(1), 47–60. https://doi.org/10.2298/jas2001047a
Aguilera, J.G.; Minozzo, J.A.; Barichello, D.; Fogaça, C.M.; Silva Júnior, J.P.; Consoli, L.; Pereira, J.F. 2016. Alleles of organic acid transporter genes are highly correlated with wheat resistance to acidic soil in field conditions. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 129: 1317-1331.
Ajayi, A. T., Gbadamosi, A. E., & Olumekun, V. O. (2018, January 1). Screening for drought tolerance in cowpea (vigna unguiculata L. walp) at seedling stage under screen house condition.
Alemu, T., Desalegn, A., & Kifetew, A. (2022). Yield and yield-related performance of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) varieties tested at different fertilizer use under irrigation, central Gondar zone, Ethiopia. AgroLife Scientific Journal, 11(2), 226-232. https://doi.org/10.17930/AGL2022229.
Asiwe, J.A.N., Oluwatayo, I.B. and Asiwe, D.N. (2020). Enhancing Food Security, Nutrition and Production Efficiency of HighYielding Grain Legumes in Selected Rural Communities of Limpopo Province, South Africa: Production Guide, Trainingof Farmers and Cowpea Processing and Capacity Building.WRC Report 2020b; No. TT 829/2/20 ISBN 978-0-6392-0176-4. Pp. 62.
Asiwe JNA, KA Maimela (2021). Yield and economic assessments of five cowpea varieties in cowpea-maize strip intercropping in Limpopo province, South Africa. Intl J Agric Biol 25:27‒32
Asfawu, F., Nayagam, G., Fikiru, E., & Azmach, G. (2024). Breeding maize (Zea mays L.) for aluminum tolerance through heterosis and combining ability. International Journal of Agronomy, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/9950925.
Bolarinwa, K. A., Ogunkanmi, L. A., Ogundipe, O. T., Agboola, O. O., & Amusa, O. D. (2021). An investigation of cowpea production constraints and preferences among small holder farmers in nigeria. GeoJournal. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10708-021-10405-6
Casierra-Posada, F., Arias-Salinas, J. J., & Rodríguez-Quiroz, J. F. (2021). Excess aluminum tolerance of the common water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) under greenhouse conditions. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research, 81(4), 597–606. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-58392021000400597.
Ddamulira, G., Fernandes Santos, C. A., Obuo, P., Alanyo, M., & Lwanga, C. K. (2015). Grain yield and protein content of brazilian cowpea genotypes under diverse ugandan environments. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 06(13), 2074–2084. https://doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2015.613208
Da Silva Sá, F. V., Do Nascimento, R., De Oliveira Pereira, M., Borges, V. E., Guimarães, R. F. B., Ramos, J. G., et al. (2018). Vigor and tolerance of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) genotypes under salt stress. J. Biosci. 33, 1488–1494. doi: 10.14393/bj-v33n6a2017-37053
Du, H., Huang, Y., Qu, M., Li, Y., Hu, X., Yang, W., Li, H., He, W., Ding, J., Liu, C., Gao, S., Cao, M., Lu, Y., & Zhang, S. (2020). A Maize ZmAT6 Gene Confers Aluminum Tolerance via Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging. Frontiers in Plant Science, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.01016
Engel, F., et al., 2021. A 3D ecotoxi-topological profile: Using concentration-time-response surfaces to show peroxidase activity in Zea mays (L.) exposed to aluminium or arsenic in hydroponic conditions. Chemosphere 262, 127647.
Giannakoula, A., Moustakas, M., Mylona, P., Papadakis, I., & Yupsanis, T. (2008). Aluminum tolerance in maize is correlated with increased levels of mineral nutrients, carbohydrates and proline, and decreased levels of lipid peroxidation and al accumulation. Journal of Plant Physiology, 165(4), 385–396. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jplph.2007.01.014
Giongo, V.; Bohnen, H. Relação entre alumínio e silício em genótipos de milho resistente e sensível a toxidez de alumínio. Bioscience Journal, v.27, p.348-356, 2011.
Gurmessa B (2021) Soil acidity challenges and the significance of liming and organic amendments in tropical agricultural lands with reference to Ethiopia. Environ. Dev. Sustain. 23:77–99. doi:10.1007/s10668-020-00615-2
Grifferty, A., Barrington, S., 2000. Zinc uptake by young wheat plants under two transpiration regimes. J. Environ. Qual., 29(2):443-446
Hayes, K.L.; Mui, J.; Song, B.; Sani, E.S.; Eisenman, S.W.; Sheffield, J.B.; Kim, B. Effects, uptake, and translocation of aluminumoxide nanoparticles in lettuce: A comparison study to phytotoxic aluminum ions. Sci. Total Environ. 2020, 719, 137393. [CrossRef]
Jethwani, P., Dutta, A., & Singh, Y. V. (2015). Cowpea leaf powder : Acheap nutritional supplement for the vulnerable population. FoodScience Research Journal, 6, 279–284. https://doi.org/10.15740/HAS/FSRJ/6.2/279-284.
Kushwaha, Pandey, A. K., Dubey, R. K., Singh, V., A.S. Mailappa, & Singh, S. (2017). Screening of cowpea [vigna unguiculata (L.) walp.] for aluminiumtolerance in relation to growth, yield and related traits. Legume Research - an International Journal, 40(Of). https://doi.org/10.18805/lr.v0i0.7016
Kebede, E., & Bekeko, Z. (2020). Expounding the production and importance of cowpea (vigna unguiculata (L.) walp.) in ethiopia. Cogent Food & Agriculture, 6(1), 1769805. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2020.1769805
Keino L, Fredrick B, Ng’etich W, Otinga A, Okalebo J, Njoroge R,Mukalama J. 2015. Nutrients limiting soybean (Glycine max l)growth in acrisols and ferralsols of western Kenya. PLoS One.10:12. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0145202.
Kidd, P. S., Llugany, M., Poschenrieder, C., Gunsé, B., & Barceló, J. (2001). The role of root exudates in aluminium resistance and silicon‐induced amelioration of aluminium toxicity in three varieties of maize (zea mays L.). Journal of Experimental Botany, 52(359), 1339–1352. https://doi.org/10.1093/jexbot/52.359.1339
Kochian, A.; Kwasniewska, J.; Szurman–Zubrzycka, M. Understanding plant tolerance to aluminum: Exploring mechanisms andperspectives. Plant Soil 2024, 10, 1–25. [CrossRef]
Liu, Y.; Chen, J.Y.; Li, X.H.; Yang, S.X.; Hu, H.Q.; Xue, Y.B. Effects of manganese toxicity on the growth and gene expression at the seedling stage of soybean. Phyton–Int. J. Exp. Bot. 2022, 91, 975–987. [CrossRef]
Mattiello L., Kirst M., da Silva F.R., Jorge R.A. & Menossi M. (2008) Transcriptional profile of maize roots under acid soil growth. BMC Plant Biology 10,1–14
Negusse, H.; Cook, D.R.; Haileselassie, T.; Tesfaye, K. Identification of Aluminum Tolerance in Ethiopian Chickpea (Cicer arietinumL.) Germplasm Identification of Aluminum Tolerance in Ethiopian Chickpea. Agronomy 2022, 12, 948. [CrossRef]
Nyagumbo, I., Mutenje, M., Ghimire, S., & Bloem, E. (2020). Cereal-legume intercropping and rotations in Eastern and Southern Africa: farmer’s manual. Sidalc.net; CIMMYT. https://www.sidalc.net/search/Record/dig-cimmyt-10883-21206/Details
Owade, J. O., Abong’, G., Okoth, M., & Mwang’ombe, A. W. (2020). A review of the contribution of cowpea leaves to food and nutrition security in east africa. Food Science & Nutrition, 8(1), 36–47. https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.1337
Pinheiro de Carvalho M.Â.A., Slaski J.J., dos Santos T.M.M., Ganança F.T., Abreu I., Taylor G.J., Clemente Vieira M.R., Popova T.N., Franco E. (2003): Identification of aluminium resistant genotypes among Madeiran regional wheats. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal., 34: 2967–2979.
Phukunkamkaew, S.; Tisarum, R.; Pipatsitee, P.; Samphumphuang, T.; Maksup, S.; Cha-Um, S. Morpho-physiological responses of indica rice (Oryza sativa sub. indica) to aluminum toxicity at seedling stage. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 2021, 28, 29321–29331.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
Qu, X., Zhou, J., Masabni, J., & Yuan, J. (2020). Phosphorus relieves aluminum toxicity in oil tea seedlings by regulating the metabolic profiling in the roots. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 152, 12-22.
Ranjan, A., Sinha, R., Lal, S. K., Bishi, S. K., & Singh, A. K. (2021). Phytohormone signalling and cross-talk to alleviate aluminium toxicity in plants. Plant Cell Reports, 40(8), 1331-1343.
Ren, J., Yang, X., Zhang, N., Feng, L., Ma, C., Wang, Y., ... & Zhao, J. (2022). Melatonin alleviates aluminum-induced growth inhibition by modulating carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and reestablishing redox homeostasis in Zea mays L. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 423, 127159.
Singh, J., Jose, Gezan, S. A., Lee, H., & Eduardo, V. C. (2017). Maternal effects on seed and seedling phenotypes in reciprocal F 1 hybrids of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Frontiers in Plant Science, 8, 42.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2020.126538
Shetty, R.; Vidya, C.S.N.; Prakash, N.B.; Lux, A.; Vaculík, M. Aluminum toxicity in plants and its possible mitigation in acid soils by biochar: A review. Sci. Total Environ. 2021, 765, 142744. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Tsuchiya, Y., Nakamura, T., Izumi, Y., Okazaki, K., Shinano, T., Kubo, Y., ... & Yamamoto, Y. (2021). Physiological role of aerobic fermentation constitutively expressed in an aluminum-tolerant cell line of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). Plant and Cell Physiology, 62(9), 1460-1477.
Xia H, Riaz M, Zhang M, Liu B, El-Desouki Z, Jiang C (2020) Biochar increases nitrogen use efficiency of maize by relieving aluminum toxicity and improving soilquality in acidic soil. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 196:110531.doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110531
Yahaya, D. (2019). Evaluation of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) walp) genotypes for drought tolerance.
Yang, T.Y.; Cai, L.Y.; Qi, Y.P.; Yang, L.T.; Lai, N.W.; Chen, L.S. Increasing nutrient solution ph alleviated aluminum-induced inhibition of growth and impairment of photosynthetic electron transport chain in Citrus sinensis seedlings. BioMed Res. Int. 2019,2019, 9058715. [CrossRef]
Zhang, H., Chen, Q., Shang, N., Li, N., Niu, Q., Hong, Q., & Huang, X. (2021). The enhanced mechanisms of hansschlegelia zhihuaiae S113 degrading bensulfuron-methyl in maize rhizosphere by three organic acids in root exudates. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 223, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112622
Abdou-Razakou, I.B.Y., et al., Using morpho-physiological parameters to evaluate cowpea varietiesfor drought tolerance. International Journal of Agricultural Science Research, 2013. 2 (5): p. 153–162
Adeyemi, O., Ogunsola, K., Olorunmaiye, P., Azeez, J., Hosu, D., & Adigun, J. (2020). Effect of phosphorus (P) rates and weeding frequency on the growth and grain yield of extra early cowpea (vigna unguiculata L. walp) in the forest-savanna agro-ecological zone of southwest nigeria. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade, 65(1), 47–60. https://doi.org/10.2298/jas2001047a
Aguilera, J.G.; Minozzo, J.A.; Barichello, D.; Fogaça, C.M.; Silva Júnior, J.P.; Consoli, L.; Pereira, J.F. 2016. Alleles of organic acid transporter genes are highly correlated with wheat resistance to acidic soil in field conditions. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 129: 1317-1331.
Ajayi, A. T., Gbadamosi, A. E., & Olumekun, V. O. (2018, January 1). Screening for drought tolerance in cowpea (vigna unguiculata L. walp) at seedling stage under screen house condition.
Alemu, T., Desalegn, A., & Kifetew, A. (2022). Yield and yield-related performance of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) varieties tested at different fertilizer use under irrigation, central Gondar zone, Ethiopia. AgroLife Scientific Journal, 11(2), 226-232. https://doi.org/10.17930/AGL2022229.
Asiwe, J.A.N., Oluwatayo, I.B. and Asiwe, D.N. (2020). Enhancing Food Security, Nutrition and Production Efficiency of HighYielding Grain Legumes in Selected Rural Communities of Limpopo Province, South Africa: Production Guide, Trainingof Farmers and Cowpea Processing and Capacity Building.WRC Report 2020b; No. TT 829/2/20 ISBN 978-0-6392-0176-4. Pp. 62.
Asiwe JNA, KA Maimela (2021). Yield and economic assessments of five cowpea varieties in cowpea-maize strip intercropping in Limpopo province, South Africa. Intl J Agric Biol 25:27‒32
Asfawu, F., Nayagam, G., Fikiru, E., & Azmach, G. (2024). Breeding maize (Zea mays L.) for aluminum tolerance through heterosis and combining ability. International Journal of Agronomy, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/9950925.
Bolarinwa, K. A., Ogunkanmi, L. A., Ogundipe, O. T., Agboola, O. O., & Amusa, O. D. (2021). An investigation of cowpea production constraints and preferences among small holder farmers in nigeria. GeoJournal. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10708-021-10405-6
Casierra-Posada, F., Arias-Salinas, J. J., & Rodríguez-Quiroz, J. F. (2021). Excess aluminum tolerance of the common water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) under greenhouse conditions. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research, 81(4), 597–606. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-58392021000400597.
Ddamulira, G., Fernandes Santos, C. A., Obuo, P., Alanyo, M., & Lwanga, C. K. (2015). Grain yield and protein content of brazilian cowpea genotypes under diverse ugandan environments. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 06(13), 2074–2084. https://doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2015.613208
Da Silva Sá, F. V., Do Nascimento, R., De Oliveira Pereira, M., Borges, V. E., Guimarães, R. F. B., Ramos, J. G., et al. (2018). Vigor and tolerance of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) genotypes under salt stress. J. Biosci. 33, 1488–1494. doi: 10.14393/bj-v33n6a2017-37053
Du, H., Huang, Y., Qu, M., Li, Y., Hu, X., Yang, W., Li, H., He, W., Ding, J., Liu, C., Gao, S., Cao, M., Lu, Y., & Zhang, S. (2020). A Maize ZmAT6 Gene Confers Aluminum Tolerance via Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging. Frontiers in Plant Science, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.01016
Engel, F., et al., 2021. A 3D ecotoxi-topological profile: Using concentration-time-response surfaces to show peroxidase activity in Zea mays (L.) exposed to aluminium or arsenic in hydroponic conditions. Chemosphere 262, 127647.
Giannakoula, A., Moustakas, M., Mylona, P., Papadakis, I., & Yupsanis, T. (2008). Aluminum tolerance in maize is correlated with increased levels of mineral nutrients, carbohydrates and proline, and decreased levels of lipid peroxidation and al accumulation. Journal of Plant Physiology, 165(4), 385–396. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jplph.2007.01.014
Giongo, V.; Bohnen, H. Relação entre alumínio e silício em genótipos de milho resistente e sensível a toxidez de alumínio. Bioscience Journal, v.27, p.348-356, 2011.
Gurmessa B (2021) Soil acidity challenges and the significance of liming and organic amendments in tropical agricultural lands with reference to Ethiopia. Environ. Dev. Sustain. 23:77–99. doi:10.1007/s10668-020-00615-2
Grifferty, A., Barrington, S., 2000. Zinc uptake by young wheat plants under two transpiration regimes. J. Environ. Qual., 29(2):443-446
Hayes, K.L.; Mui, J.; Song, B.; Sani, E.S.; Eisenman, S.W.; Sheffield, J.B.; Kim, B. Effects, uptake, and translocation of aluminumoxide nanoparticles in lettuce: A comparison study to phytotoxic aluminum ions. Sci. Total Environ. 2020, 719, 137393. [CrossRef]
Jethwani, P., Dutta, A., & Singh, Y. V. (2015). Cowpea leaf powder : Acheap nutritional supplement for the vulnerable population. FoodScience Research Journal, 6, 279–284. https://doi.org/10.15740/HAS/FSRJ/6.2/279-284.
Kushwaha, Pandey, A. K., Dubey, R. K., Singh, V., A.S. Mailappa, & Singh, S. (2017). Screening of cowpea [vigna unguiculata (L.) walp.] for aluminiumtolerance in relation to growth, yield and related traits. Legume Research - an International Journal, 40(Of). https://doi.org/10.18805/lr.v0i0.7016
Kebede, E., & Bekeko, Z. (2020). Expounding the production and importance of cowpea (vigna unguiculata (L.) walp.) in ethiopia. Cogent Food & Agriculture, 6(1), 1769805. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2020.1769805
Keino L, Fredrick B, Ng’etich W, Otinga A, Okalebo J, Njoroge R,Mukalama J. 2015. Nutrients limiting soybean (Glycine max l)growth in acrisols and ferralsols of western Kenya. PLoS One.10:12. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0145202.
Kidd, P. S., Llugany, M., Poschenrieder, C., Gunsé, B., & Barceló, J. (2001). The role of root exudates in aluminium resistance and silicon‐induced amelioration of aluminium toxicity in three varieties of maize (zea mays L.). Journal of Experimental Botany, 52(359), 1339–1352. https://doi.org/10.1093/jexbot/52.359.1339
Kochian, A.; Kwasniewska, J.; Szurman–Zubrzycka, M. Understanding plant tolerance to aluminum: Exploring mechanisms andperspectives. Plant Soil 2024, 10, 1–25. [CrossRef]
Liu, Y.; Chen, J.Y.; Li, X.H.; Yang, S.X.; Hu, H.Q.; Xue, Y.B. Effects of manganese toxicity on the growth and gene expression at the seedling stage of soybean. Phyton–Int. J. Exp. Bot. 2022, 91, 975–987. [CrossRef]
Mattiello L., Kirst M., da Silva F.R., Jorge R.A. & Menossi M. (2008) Transcriptional profile of maize roots under acid soil growth. BMC Plant Biology 10,1–14
Negusse, H.; Cook, D.R.; Haileselassie, T.; Tesfaye, K. Identification of Aluminum Tolerance in Ethiopian Chickpea (Cicer arietinumL.) Germplasm Identification of Aluminum Tolerance in Ethiopian Chickpea. Agronomy 2022, 12, 948. [CrossRef]
Nyagumbo, I., Mutenje, M., Ghimire, S., & Bloem, E. (2020). Cereal-legume intercropping and rotations in Eastern and Southern Africa: farmer’s manual. Sidalc.net; CIMMYT. https://www.sidalc.net/search/Record/dig-cimmyt-10883-21206/Details
Owade, J. O., Abong’, G., Okoth, M., & Mwang’ombe, A. W. (2020). A review of the contribution of cowpea leaves to food and nutrition security in east africa. Food Science & Nutrition, 8(1), 36–47. https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.1337
Pinheiro de Carvalho M.Â.A., Slaski J.J., dos Santos T.M.M., Ganança F.T., Abreu I., Taylor G.J., Clemente Vieira M.R., Popova T.N., Franco E. (2003): Identification of aluminium resistant genotypes among Madeiran regional wheats. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal., 34: 2967–2979.
Phukunkamkaew, S.; Tisarum, R.; Pipatsitee, P.; Samphumphuang, T.; Maksup, S.; Cha-Um, S. Morpho-physiological responses of indica rice (Oryza sativa sub. indica) to aluminum toxicity at seedling stage. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 2021, 28, 29321–29331.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
Qu, X., Zhou, J., Masabni, J., & Yuan, J. (2020). Phosphorus relieves aluminum toxicity in oil tea seedlings by regulating the metabolic profiling in the roots. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 152, 12-22.
Ranjan, A., Sinha, R., Lal, S. K., Bishi, S. K., & Singh, A. K. (2021). Phytohormone signalling and cross-talk to alleviate aluminium toxicity in plants. Plant Cell Reports, 40(8), 1331-1343.
Ren, J., Yang, X., Zhang, N., Feng, L., Ma, C., Wang, Y., ... & Zhao, J. (2022). Melatonin alleviates aluminum-induced growth inhibition by modulating carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and reestablishing redox homeostasis in Zea mays L. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 423, 127159.
Singh, J., Jose, Gezan, S. A., Lee, H., & Eduardo, V. C. (2017). Maternal effects on seed and seedling phenotypes in reciprocal F 1 hybrids of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Frontiers in Plant Science, 8, 42.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2020.126538
Shetty, R.; Vidya, C.S.N.; Prakash, N.B.; Lux, A.; Vaculík, M. Aluminum toxicity in plants and its possible mitigation in acid soils by biochar: A review. Sci. Total Environ. 2021, 765, 142744. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Tsuchiya, Y., Nakamura, T., Izumi, Y., Okazaki, K., Shinano, T., Kubo, Y., ... & Yamamoto, Y. (2021). Physiological role of aerobic fermentation constitutively expressed in an aluminum-tolerant cell line of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). Plant and Cell Physiology, 62(9), 1460-1477.
Xia H, Riaz M, Zhang M, Liu B, El-Desouki Z, Jiang C (2020) Biochar increases nitrogen use efficiency of maize by relieving aluminum toxicity and improving soilquality in acidic soil. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 196:110531.doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110531
Yahaya, D. (2019). Evaluation of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) walp) genotypes for drought tolerance.
Yang, T.Y.; Cai, L.Y.; Qi, Y.P.; Yang, L.T.; Lai, N.W.; Chen, L.S. Increasing nutrient solution ph alleviated aluminum-induced inhibition of growth and impairment of photosynthetic electron transport chain in Citrus sinensis seedlings. BioMed Res. Int. 2019,2019, 9058715. [CrossRef]
Zhang, H., Chen, Q., Shang, N., Li, N., Niu, Q., Hong, Q., & Huang, X. (2021). The enhanced mechanisms of hansschlegelia zhihuaiae S113 degrading bensulfuron-methyl in maize rhizosphere by three organic acids in root exudates. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 223, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112622
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oct. 9, 2025
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Comment citer
Sang, J., Too. , E. J., & Were , B. A. (2025). Modification of Solution pH as a Mechanism of Tolerance to Acidity and Aluminium Stress in Selected Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) Cultivars. Journal of Aquatic and Terrestrial Ecosystems, 3(3), 49–65. https://doi.org/10.69897/jatems.v3i3.298
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Original Articles
Bibliographies de l'auteur
Janeth Sang, Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, University of Eldoret, P.O. Box 1125-30100, Eldoret, Kenya
Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, University of Eldoret, P.O. Box 1125-30100, Eldoret, Kenya
Emily J. Too. , Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, University of Eldoret, P.O. Box 1125-30100, Eldoret, Kenya
Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, University of Eldoret, P.O. Box 1125-30100, Eldoret, Kenya
Beatrice A. Were , Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, University of Eldoret, P.O. Box 1125-30100, Eldoret, Kenya
Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, University of Eldoret, P.O. Box 1125-30100, Eldoret, Kenya