The Economics of Lake Victoria Beaches Urbanization and their Influences on Blue Economy: Towards Sustainable Development in Kenya

Résumé

This paper investigated the urbanization of Lake Victoria beaches and its influences on the blue economy, specifically focusing on sustainable development in Kenya. Key research questions addressed included the dimensions of urbanization, its impact on the blue economy and local livelihoods, as well as threats and strategic management approaches for sustainable development. The study employed a mixed-methods research design, integrating both primary and secondary data sources. An eight-week field study was conducted in the selected beaches (Usenge, Lwanda Kotieno, Sio Port, Port Victoria, Kaloka, Sango, Mbita, Kendu Bay, Muhuru Bay, and Sori. The data was collected using questionnaires, interview schedules and secondary data. The data was entered into SPSS statistical software for analysis using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The results indicated a significant correlation between urbanisation of Lake Victoria beaches (Employment opportunity creation, infrastructure transformation and quality standards of social amenities) and blue economy (p<0.005). The findings suggest that urbanization is key for promoting the blue economy, providing improved access to public services, job opportunities, and enhancing the timely availability of essential services. Factors such as high population, security, strategic location, job and business opportunities, and social services have significantly contributed to the growth and development of the beaches studied. The presence of Lake Victoria and the availability of clean water, health centers, schools and shops also attract migrants, promoting trade and urbanization. However, urbanization also brings challenges such as poor planning, inadequate infrastructure, water and sewerage issues, increased poverty, poor housing conditions, and uncontrolled livelihood activities. In conclusion, sustainable urbanization is a critical model for realizing a sustainable blue economy, necessitating technological advancements, infrastructural transformation, improved transportation and communication, and enhanced social amenities. Recommended strategies include building sustainable and environmentally friendly urban areas, providing essential services, creating jobs, establishing special economic zones, diversifying fishery products, and optimizing fish harvesting and post-harvest management.