Non-Monetary Intangible Rewards and Teacher Performance in Secondary Schools in the Central Region of Uganda
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Keywords
Non-monetary intagible rewards, Teacher, performance
Abstract
This study examined the impact of non-monetary intangible rewards on teacher performance in secondary schools in Uganda's central region. The study was guided by both Herzberg two factor theory and Adam Stacey’s Equity theory. Using a deductive research approach and a cross-sectional correlation survey design, data were collected via closed-ended questionnaires and interview guides from head teachers, deputy head teachers, directors of studies, district education officers, and teachers across four districts: Kampala, Wakiso, Butambala, and Luweero. The sample included 168 respondents from 40 schools (20 government, 20 private) which was determined using Krecjies Morgan sample size calculation (1970). A pilot study was carried out for reliability and validity test of instruments used. Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics and STATA. Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations between non-monetary intangible rewards and teacher performance. Specifically, there were strong positive relationships with academic performance (r = 0.5696, p < 0.05), non-academic performance (r = 0.5261, p < 0.05), and overall performance (r = 0.638, p < 0.05). Regression analysis showed that non-monetary intangible rewards significantly predict teacher performance (β = 0.484, p < 0.01), explaining 35.6% of its variance. Structural equation modeling also revealed that procedural fairness partially mediates the relationship between non-monetary intangible rewards and teacher performance showing that fairness in reward management enhances teacher performance. Recommendations include diversifying non-monetary rewards, implementing monitoring systems, gathering teacher feedback and ensuring fair reward distribution.
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Aisa Muhamad , Department of Educational Management, Nkumba University, P.O. Box 237, Entebbe, Uganda
Department of Educational Management, Nkumba University, Entebbe, Uganda
Frank-Pio Kiyingi , Department of Educational Management, Nkumba University, P.O. Box 237, Entebbe, Uganda
Department of Educational Management, Nkumba University, Entebbe, Uganda
Esther Namugumya , Department of Educational Management, Nkumba University, P.O. Box 237, Entebbe, Uganda
Department of Educational Management, Nkumba University, Entebbe, Uganda